Unit 1 - Calling People Names

Descriptors

How much do you know about the real names of famous people?

Read an article written by a journalist about other people with the same name as him.

Study words and phrases associated with naming. Study words like notice, realise, be aware of, etc.

Study verbs that follow the pattern "they named him Andrew". Study the use of ellipsis (leaving out words from sentences).

Listen to people talking about meeting someone with the same name as them.

Test your progress so far.

Post messages about popular names in your country.

Write about things and places in your country named after people.

Practise the language of formal and informal introductions.

Practise sentence stress and linking words in spoken English.

Search for information about your name.

Write about your name and what people call you in your family.

Talk to your tutor about the unit.

Review the work in the unit.

Send us your feedback on this unit.

Wordlist

short

short for (adj)

abbreviated or shortened form (of a name)

beware

beware (v)

a warning that means to look out for danger, be careful (only used in the imperative, infinitive)

bigwig

bigwig (n)

an informal word for an important person

correspondent

correspondent (n)

a person who works for a newspaper or news service and reports news from a specific area or field, such as a diplomatic correspondent or a foreign correspondent

eagle

eagle-eyed (adj)

with very sharp vision, like an eagle

feature

feature (n)

a special, long, detailed article in a newspaper or magazine

journalist

journalist (n)

a writer who works for a newspaper, magazine or news programme

name

name after (v)

to give someone or something the name of another person or thing

naughty

naughty (adj)

behaving badly or disobediently, in a childish way

notice

notice (v)

to see or become aware of something

pseudonym

pseudonym (n)

a name that someone uses (usually professionally) instead of her or his real name

realise

realise (v)

to become aware of a fact or come to understand something

Reuters

Reuters (n)

a large news agency based in London

so

so-called (adj)

used to indicate that something is generally referred to by the name you are about to use

borough

borough (n)

a division of a large town with its own local government

chase

chase (v)

to follow something quickly in order to catch it

clerk

clerk (n)

a person who works in an office

clue

clue (n)

a piece of evidence to help solve a crime or a mystery

courier

courier (n)

a person who delivers messages or small parcels

draught

draught (n)

a current of cold air entering a room

drought

drought (n)

a long period of time without rain when there is not enough water

expenses

expenses (n)

costs involved in doing your job

fauna

fauna (n)

indigenous animals

firm

firm (n)

a private office offering a professional service, like a legal or medical service

flora

flora (n)

indigenous plants

gendergap

gender gap (n)

the difference in the amount of money women make vs. men doing the same job

intuition

intuition (n)

understanding or feeling about something without reasoning or physical proof

market

market research (n)

information companies collect from customers or possible customers about their products or services

nought

nought (n)

zero (in British English)

part

part-time (adj)

shorter than normal hours worked in a job

publicworks

public works (n)

work done by government agencies

quote

quote (n)

a written calculation or prediction of what a service will cost

sink

sink (v)

[past simple=sank] to not float (stay on the surface) and to go under the water

soundtrack

soundtrack (n)

music for a movie

temp

temp agency (n)

an agency that finds temporary work for people

thrill

thrill (n)

excitement

thoroughness

thoroughness (n)

quality of being detailed and careful

resourceful

resourceful (adj)

good at solving problems in an inventive way

weekday

weekday (n)

from Monday to Friday, not the weekend

allowed

allow (v)

to give permission

battling

battle (v)

to fight

beak

beak (n)

usually, the mouth of a bird, but also used for dolphins

bluish

bluish (adj)

blue in colour, but not exactly

blunt

blunt (adj)

the opposite of sharp

cheered_up

cheer up (v)

to become happier

coached

coach (v)

to train someone, such as sportspeople

conical

conical (adj)

adjective of cone: a cone has a round base and a point at the top

flippers

flippers (n)

a dolphin's "arms"

forked

forked (adj)

having one end divided into two or more points

freshwater

freshwater (n)

water in lakes and rivers – not sea water

frustrated

frustrated (adj)

how you feel if you can't do something you want to do

fully

fully (adv)

completely

got_over

get over (v)

to recover from something

halting

halting (adj)

slow, hesitating

healing

heal (v)

to make a person healthy

influence

influence (v)

to have an effect on someone or something

lay

lay (v)

to produce (an egg) from out of a body

length

length (n)

how long something is

mute

mute (adj)

unable to speak

overjoyed

overjoyed (adj)

extremely happy

partially_sighted

partially-sighted (adj)

able to see but not perfectly

persistence

persistence (n)

continuing to do something that is difficult

picking_up

pick up (v)

to learn

pointed

point (v)

to use your finger to make someone look at something

raised

raise (v)

in this context, to collect money for a special purpose

resistance

resistance (n)

refusal to accept something

rounded

rounded (adj)

with sides that are round, not square

scarlet_fever

scarlet fever (n)

an infectious disease

scenario

scenario (n)

the outline of the story of a film

seek

seek (v)

to look for

shock

shock (n)

complete surprise

speech_therapist

speech therapist (n)

a person trained to help people with speech problems

starved

starved (participle)

not having enough of something, usually food

tank

tank (n)

a big pool for fish, dolphins, etc.

therapy

therapy (n)

the treatment of illnesses

triangular

triangular (adj)

adjective from triangle: a triangle is a shape with three sides

underwater

underwater (adv)

adverb meaning under the water

utter

utter (v)

to speak words

vocal_cords

vocal cords (n)

a part of your throat that makes sound for speaking

whitish

whitish (adj)

white in colour, but not exactly

within

within (prep)

before the end of a period of time; "within days" means "before a few days had passed"

youngsters

youngsters (n)

children

brick

brick (n)

a rectangular baked clay block for building

canvas

canvas (n)

a strong cloth, usually made of cotton

cellar

cellar (n)

a room under a house used for storing things

chimney

chimney (n)

a hole built into the roof of a house to let smoke out from the fireplace

cottage

cottage (n)

a small house, usually in the country

cotton

cotton (n)

cloth made from fibres of a particular plant

flat

flat (n)

part of a building used to live in; in American English: apartment

fold

fold (v), folding (adj)

v: to bend or close something so one part covers another part; adj: able to be folded

foundations

foundations (n)

the base of a building, the part in the ground that the building is built on

framework

framework (n)

the supporting structure

high

high-rise (adj, n)

tall modern buildings with a lot of storeys

hut

hut (n)

a small shelter or house with one or two rooms

lime

lime (n)

white powder containing calcium

mud

mud (n)

a mixture of earth and water

porch

porch (n)

the entrance or side of a building with a roof but no walls; in British English: veranda

rendered

rendered (adj)

covered with cement or plaster

sawdust

sawdust (n)

the dust produced from cutting wood

shingled

shingled (adj)

covered with thin wooden tiles

steep

steep (adj)

rises or is inclined at a sharp angle

stilts

stilts (n)

long vertical pieces of wood used to support a building

tent

tent (n)

a shelter used for camping, normally consisting of poles, ropes and nylon or canvas material

thatched

thatched (adj)

made of straw, or cut plants like reeds

tin

tin (n)

a thin sheet metal

veranda

veranda (n)

the side of a a building with a roof and floor but no walls; in American English: porch

village

village (n)

a small group of houses with other public buildings, like a church or a school

abbey

abbey (n)

an old word for a building where Christian men or women lived and worked; for example, Westminster Abbey, in London

border

border (v)

to share a border, or frontier, with another place; for example, Spain is bordered by Portugal and France

fall

fall on deaf ears (idm)

to have no attention paid to something that was said

guide

guide (v)

to show someone how to get from one place to another

narrow

narrow (v)

to become narrow, that is, to become less and less wide

regatta

regatta (n)

a sports event where boats have races

resort

resort (n)

a holiday place

social

social services (n)

the service provided by a local authority to help people with problems

track

track (n)

a rough path or road, usually for walking, not driving

tunnel

tunnel (n)

an underground passage for cars, trains etc.; for example, the Channel Tunnel goes under the English Channel

wander

wander (v)

to walk about without any clear purpose or direction

banned

banned (adj)

illegal, prohibited

blog

blog (n)

abbreviation for Weblog - a personal Web site or section at a Web site where a person writes about something, and readers can post (=leave, add) their comments

claim

claim (v)

to say something with emphasis because you think other people may not believe you

coaching

coaching (n)

help and advice from a coach (=trainer)

complain

complain (v)

to say that you are not happy with a situation

court

court (n)

the place where sports such as tennis, squash, volleyball, basketball or badminton are played

crusade

crusade (n)

an organised campaign that doesn't stop until it achieves its objective

database

database (n)

a collection of data (=information) that is organised and stored on a computer

disgraced

disgraced (adj)

having lost people's approval and respect after doing something wrong

dna

DNA (n)

abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid - the acid that determines the physical characteristics that make one person different from all other people

doping

doping (n)

the use of illegal substances by athletes to improve their performance

dueto

due to (prep)

because of

fan

fan (n)

a person who is very interested in a particular sport

final

(final) whistle (n)

a small metal object which the referee blows to signal the end of a sports match

goal

goal (n)

the place or space where players of a sport try to get the ball, in order to score points for their team

hide

hide (v)

to keep something so that it cannot be seen, so that it is a secret

ignore

ignore (v)

to deliberately not pay attention

lifeexpectancy

life expectancy (n)

the number of years a person or animal is expected to live

long-term

long-term (adj)

in the distant future

manipulated

manipulated (adj)

forced or persuaded to do something you don't want to do

match

match (n)

a sports game

object

object (v)

to express dislike or disapproval of something

pill

pill (n)

a small solid round piece of medicine which you eat

pitch

pitch (n)

an area of ground which is specially marked for playing sports

point

point (n)

one of the single marks which are added together in a game to give the total score

racket

racket (n)

an oval-shaped bat with strings across it

referee

referee (n)

the official person who controls a sports match

score

score (v)

to make a point for your team

shot

shot putter (n)

in athletics, the sport shot put is a competition in which a heavy metal ball is thrown as far as possible; a shot putter is the person who throws the shot put

side

side effect (n)

a negative health consequence that you can suffer when taking a drug, in addition to the benefits the drug has

since

since (conj)

because

stadium

stadium (n)

a large sports ground with seats all around it

stamina

stamina (n)

the capacity for doing a hard physical activity for a long time

stand

stand (n)

a large structure with many seats where spectators watch a sports event

take

take the matter up with someone (v)

to bring someone's attention to a topic

umpire

umpire (n)

the offical person who controls a sports match such as tennis, hockey, badminton and baseball

unfair

unfair (adj)

wrong or dishonest because it goes against the idea that people should be equal and have the same opportunities in a particular situation

warn

warn (v)

to tell someone to be careful

widespread

widespread (adj)

very common

arrow

arrow (n)

a long, thin, sharp stick that is shot from a bow, sometimes used for hunting and as a weapon

bow

bow (n)

a long curved piece of wood with string or wire attached to both ends that is used to shoot arrows

cable

cable (n)

a strong thick rope made of wire

canyon

canyon (n)

a long, narrow valley with very steep sides

canyoneering

canyoneering (n)

(also called canyoning) a sport involving walking, climbing, jumping, abseiling or swimming in canyons

craze

craze (n)

an activity that is very popular, usually for a short time

first

first ever (exp)

the first in history

death-defying

death-defying (adj)

extremely dangerous, possibly resulting in death

equipment

equipment (n)

items used for a specific purpose, such as a sport or a hobby

exertion

exertion (n)

strong physical or mental effort

fearless

fearless (adj)

without fear, not scared of anything

feat

feat (n)

an accomplishment

get away with something

get away with something (phrasal verb)

to do something wrong without being discovered

give up

give up (phrasal verb)

to quit, stop, surrender

give yourself up

give yourself up (phrasal verb)

to let police or other authority know where you are after you have tried to hide or escape

handcuffed

handcuffed (adj)

with hands secured in a restraining device (called handcuffs) when under arrest by the police

harness

harness (n)

a system of belts worn on the body for security reasons

juggle

juggle (v)

to throw three or more items in the air and catch them while keeping them moving at all times

legal

legal (adj)

allowed by law

mayor

mayor (n)

a person who is elected each year to be the leader of a governing group in a town or city

pose

pose (v)

to pretend to be something that you are not

pull off

pull off (phrasal verb)

to accomplish something despite difficulties

stunt

stunt (n)

a skilful, difficult or dangerous act

vertigo

vertigo (n)

a feeling of dizziness or with a sense of falling when looking down from a high place

aircraft

aircraft (n)

a machine that flies, like an aeroplane or a helicopter

airline

airline (n)

a business that transports people or things by air

being

being (n)

a living thing or character that exists, or existed in the past

bill

bill (n)

beak or "mouth part" of a bird

criss

criss-cross (v)

to cross in intersecting lines

dot

dot (n)

a very small round mark or shape

duck

duck (n)

a common water bird with a flat beak and short neck

eucalyptus

eucalyptus (n)

a type of tree common in Australia

kidney

kidney (n)

an organ in your body that cleans the blood; you have two of them

living

living memory (n)

for as long as people can remember

motif

motif (n)

a design used as decoration

mourning

mourning (n)

an expression of sadness, especially when someone dies

preview

preview (v)

to privately show a new product, film, exhibition, etc.

vast

vast (adj)

extremely large, enormous

broadcast

broadcast (v)

to make available to the public on radio or television

counsellor

counsellor (n)

a person whose job is to give personal advice to others

genre

genre (n)

a type of TV show or film; for example, horror, drama, romance, science fiction

harmful

harmful (adj)

causes damage

grounds

on the grounds (phrase)

for the reason

ordinary

ordinary (adj)

average, normal

term

term (n)

a word or phrase with an exact meaning

unscripted

unscripted (adj)

without a script, real

appliance

appliance (n)

a machine (usually electrical) that helps you cook or do the housework

average

average (adj, n)

an approximate or a normal amount

biodegradable

biodegradable (adj)

decomposes naturally without causing pollution

bother

bother (v)

to annoy or worry

butt

butt (n)

the end of a cigarette that you put in your mouth

cashier

cashier (n)

the person you pay at the supermarket

coated

coated (adj)

covered by another substance or material

damage

damage (v)

to have a bad effect, to cause physical harm

disposable

disposable (adj)

designed to be used once and then thrown away

eco

eco-friendly (adj)

with no bad effect on the natural environment

flour

flour (n)

powder made from wheat, used for making bread

flush

flush (v)

to wash away with water; you flush the toilet after using it

fossil

fossil fuels (n)

fuels like oil and coal that originate from decayed plants and animals

garbage

garbage (n)

rubbish, especially waste from the kitchen

global

global warming (n)

the problem of the rise in Earth's temperature

goods

goods (n)

things made to be sold

greenhouse

greenhouse gas (n)

gas responsible for the greenhouse effect, which causes global warming; the main greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide

hanky

hanky (n)

(short for handkerchief) a cloth or soft paper for cleaning your nose

heating

heating (n)

the system used to warm a room or building

horn

horn (n)

the part of the car that makes a sound to warn other drivers

oil

oil spill (n)

when oil is accidentally released into the sea, usually after a shipping accident

overheat

overheat (v)

to make too hot

overpriced

overpriced (adj)

with a price/cost higher than you think it should be

poo

poo (n)

excrement of animals or people (colloquial)

recycling

recycling bin (n)

the container where you put things to be recycled, such as newspapers, bottles, etc.

replacement

replacement (n)

a replacement is something that takes the place of another thing that no longer works; for example, "This battery is dead: you need a replacement"

reuse

reuse (v)

to use again

resources

resources (n)

useful materials for making things or producing energy, such as oil and coal, for example

roll

roll (v)

to form into a tube shape by turning something inside itself

skyscraper

skyscraper (n)

a very tall building, such as the Empire State Building in New York

stitch

stitch (v)

to join two things with a thread; for example, pieces of material are stitched together to make a shirt

tyre

tyre (n)

the outside rubber part of a wheel, usually inflated with air

useful

useful (adj)

can be used to help you in some way

washbasin

washbasin (n)

in the bathroom, the thing you use for washing your face and hands in

waste

waste (n)

unwanted material that can't be used and is thrown away

water

water heater (n)

the machine that makes the water hot in your house

amass

amass (v)

to make a large collection

detached

detached (adj)

separated

discard

discard (v)

to throw away

grubby

grubby (adj)

dirty, not clean

junk

junk (n)

old, useless things

photobooth

photo booth (n)

a place for taking your photograph

turnup

turn up (phrasal verb)

to appear unexpectedly

weird

weird (adj)

strange, unusual

chant

chant (v)

to repeat some words in a rhythmical way

field

field (n)

a research area

findings

findings (n)

discoveries

gender

gender (n)

sex: male or female

infectious

infectious (adj)

affecting other people

one-liners

one-liners (n)

one-sentence funny comments

phenomenon

phenomenon (n)

an interesting thing or event

punchline

punch line (n)

the line in a joke, usually at the end, which makes the joke funny

severe

severe (adj)

serious

dash

dash (v, n)

v: to run quickly and suddenly; n: a hurry, a short time

herd

herd (n)

a group of animals, such as cows or elephants

on_hold

on hold (exp)

saved for later

queue

queue (v, n)

v: to wait in line for something; n: a line of people waiting for a service

trample

trample (v)

to step heavily with the feet on something, causing it damage

crops

crops (n)

plants that are grown for food

decapitate

decapitate (v)

to cut off someone's head

diameter

diameter (n)

the distance across a circle

placebets

place bets (v)

to gamble

Hispanic

pre-Hispanic (adj)

before the arrival of the Spanish in Central and South America

ritual

ritual (adj, n)

associated with a rite, that is, something done regularly and in the same way, usually for religious purposes

enactment

re-enactment (n)

a dramatization

sloping

sloping (adj)

inclining; at an angle

accursed

accursed (adj)

damned (old-fashioned word)

albatross

albatross (n)

a type of bird; in a famous English poem, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, a sailor kills an albatross and then he and his companions are cursed and suffer terrible consequences

becalmed

becalmed (adj)

of a ship, not moving because of lack of wind

clatter

clatter (n)

a lot of noise, as when you drop something

clumsy

clumsy (adj)

rough, crude

comer

comer (n)

a person who comes, arrives (from the verb to come)

convulsed

convulse (v)

to move in a sudden, violent way

expiate

expiate (v)

to ask forgiveness, or pay the price, for something bad you have done

fissure

fissure (n)

a crack or hole

gloom

gloom (n)

shade, darkness

gums

gums (n)

the parts of the mouth where the teeth are fixed

haste

haste (n)

speed

loveth

loveth (v)

an old-fashioned way of saying loves

paltry

paltry (adj)

mean, small-minded

pettiness

pettiness (n)

mean-spirited behaviour, as opposed to generosity

pitcher

pitcher (n)

a container for carrying water in

prayeth

prayeth (v)

an old-fashioned way of saying prays

sip

sip (v)

to drink, a little at a time

slack

slack (adj), slackness (n)

not tense or tight, but loose and relaxed

snakeeasing

snake-ease (invented verb)

to cause something to move easily, but in the way a snake might

softbellied

soft-bellied (adj)

having a soft belly or stomach

strangescented

strange-scented (adj)

having an unusual smell

thriceadream

thrice adream (exp)

three times dreaming (poetic expression; old-fashioned)

trail

trail (v)

to drag

trough

trough (n)

a deep container for food or water, usually for animals

vulgar

vulgar (adj)

uneducated, tasteless

writhed

writhe (v)

to twist and turn violently

antithesis

antithesis (n)

the exact opposite

cometo

come to grips with (exp)

to consider a problem seriously, and start to deal with it

ensure

ensure (v)

to guarantee

geton

get on (v)

to relate

issue

issue (n)

matter, subject, question

memo

memo (n)

a short note sent to people in the same company or organisation

over

over the top (adj)

excessive

policy

policy (n)

a company's way of thinking about a particular issue

ruling

ruling (n)

an official decision

sack

sack (v)

to tell an employee that they have lost their job because their work or attitude is unsatisfactory

set

set (v),(n)

(v) to establish, (n) a group of similar or connected things

spellout

spell out (v)

to explain very clearly

staccato

staccato (adj)

consisting of short, rapid sounds

threaten

threaten (v)

to tell someone that there will be negative consequences if they don't do something you want them to

trying

trying (adj)

stressful

undertone

undertone (n)

a quiet way of speaking

upset

upset (adj)

annoyed

whisper

whisper (v)

to talk quietly so that other people can't hear what you're saying

workthough

work though (v)

to overcome

accordingly

accordingly (adv)

in a way that is consistent with something that happened before

burstintotears

burst into tears (exp)

to start crying suddenly

catchaglimpse

catch a glimpse (exp)

to see something briefly and incompletely

chore

chore (n)

a task or job that needs doing regularly

cope

cope (v)

to be able to deal with a problem or difficult situation

counselling

counselling (n)

help from a therapist or psychologist

cranky

cranky (adj)

bad-tempered

dropin

drop in (v)

to make a short visit

faceupto

face up to (v)

to accept the existence of a problem and do something to solve it

fallapart

fall apart (v)

to lose control of your emotions

founded

founded (adj)

justified, not invented or exaggerated

gothrough

go through (v)

to experience

lookafter

look after (v)

to care for

outing

outing (n)

an excursion

shift

shift (v)

to move

spot

spot (v)

to notice

tenaciously

tenaciously (adv)

in a determined or stubborn manner

carve

carve (v)

to cut and shape

collapse

collapse (n)

a rapid decline

crane

crane (n)

a machine for lifting things

crater

crater (n)

a hole at the top of a volcano

crop

crop (n)

a plant for eating

deforestation

deforestation (n)

the clearing of forests

draft

draft animal (n)

an animal that pulls heavy loads

drag

drag (v)

to pull

erect

erect (v)

to put in a standing position

erosion

erosion (n)

the eating away of hills and mountains

extra

extra-terrestrial (n)

a being from outer space

greed

greed (n)

a strong desire to have more of something than is necessary

harpoon

harpoon (n)

a long, sharp weapon with a rope attached to it that is used to catch big fish

hull

hull (n)

the body of a boat

lean

lean (adj)

thin

monolith

monolith (n)

a monumental stone structure

offshore

offshore (adv)

away from the coast

platform

platform (n)

a flat, raised structure

plausible

plausible (adj)

believable

puzzle

puzzle (v)

to confuse

remains

remains (n)

things that have survived

roofing

roofing material (n)

stuff for covering the tops of houses

single

single-handedly (adv)

without help

sledge

sledge (n)

a vehicle with no wheels

storey

storey (n)

a floor or level in a building

stranded

stranded (adj)

unable to leave a place

tool

tool (n)

an instrument or piece of equipment that you use to help you do a particular job

upright

upright (adj)

standing

wasteland

wasteland (n)

an area of land that cannot be used

acute

acute (n)

serious, severe

atyourfingertips

at your fingertips (exp)

within easy reach

bulky

bulky (adj)

inconveniently large

betterment

betterment (n)

improvement

certain

certain (adj)

definite, particular

cramped

cramped (adj)

small and uncomfortable

discussionboard

discussion board (n)

an area on a Web site for placing messages

dispensewith

dispense with (v)

to make unnecessary

ease

ease (n)

easy way

embark

embark (v)

to begin a journey

enrol

enrol (v)

to sign up and pay for a course of study

exploratory

exploratory (adj)

investigative

farflung

far-flung (adj)

distributed over great distances

givein

give in (v)

to surrender, stop trying

inthelongrun

in the long run (exp)

in the end

joy

joy (n)

pleasure, satisfaction or happiness that comes from doing an activity

leap

leap (v)

to jump, especially over a long distance

link

link (n)

electronic connection

meet

meet (v)

to satisfy or fulfil (a need, requirement, etc.)

misleading

misleading (adj)

giving the wrong idea

onsite

onsite (adj)

at the place where something is done or performed

onyourown

on your own (exp)

unaccompanied

range

range (n)

a variety of different things of the same general type

schedule

schedule (n)

timetable

structured

structured (adj)

designed

tap

tap (v)

to exploit

wealthof

wealth of (exp)

a large variety of something good

banish

banish (v)

to eliminate

blend

blend (n)

a mixture

brisk

brisk (adj)

fast

detachable

detachable (adj)

that can be removed

emit

emit (v)

to send out

fade

fade away (v)

to slowly disappear

fragrance

fragrance (n)

a pleasant scent or smell

handicrafts

handicrafts (n)

things made with the hands

handy

handy (adj)

convenient

hazard

hazard (n)

a dangerous situation

knitting

knit (v)

to use special tools (knitting needles) to make jumpers, scarves, etc., using wool or a synthetic equivalent

locate

locate (v)

to find

messy

messy (adj)

dirty and/or untidy

mobility

mobility (n)

moving easily

nondrip

non-drip (adj)

doesn't release small amounts of water when not in use

nutrient

nutrient (n)

the good part of food that feeds your body to keep it healthy

outandabout

out and about (adv)

out of doors, doing things

pager

pager (n)

an electronic device that tells you when someone is trying to phone you

precision

precision (n)

accuracy

sewing

sew (v)

to join pieces of cloth with a thin thread, when making or repairing a shirt or blouse, for example

storage

storage (n)

keeping things for future use

sturdy

sturdy (adj)

strong

trim

trim (v)

to lose weight

unfold

unfold (v)

to release something from a position of being bent or doubled up

apron

apron (n)

a piece of clothing you wear over the front of other clothes when cooking

backbone

backbone (n)

the part of something that gives it strength and unity

breed

breed (n)

a particular type of person

cardigan

cardigan (n)

a jumper with buttons down the front

conventional

conventional wisdom (n)

the way that most people think

dare

dare (v)

to have the courage to do something dangerous or which involves taking a big risk

dockside

dockside (n)

the area next to a dock (=the place in a port where ships are loaded and unloaded)

double

double-breasted (adj)

with buttons on both sides at the front (of a jacket, for example), and with one side covering the other when you do up the buttons

do

do up (v)

to repair and decorate something (usually an old house or flat)

draw

draw the line (exp)

to impose a limit on what behaviour you consider to be acceptable

futon

futon (n)

a Japanese sofa-bed consisting of a low wooden structure with a hard mattress on it

garment

garment (n)

a piece of clothing

knit

knit (v)

to make things (usually clothes) from wool, using two long needles

label

label someone (v)

to categorise people into social groups

into

into (prep)

very interested in

overalls

overalls (n)

work clothes you wear over your normal clothes to protect yourself from dirt, etc.

overrun

overrun (v)

to have too many of something in one place; for example, "This park is overrun with stray cats"

sizeable

sizeable (adj)

quite large

slide

slide (v)

to gradually bring about a change in the way you look or behave

slippers

slippers (n)

soft shoes that you wear around the house

steadily

steadily (adv)

in a regular manner

trendy

trendy (adj)

very fashionable

up

up and about (adv)

out of bed and actively doing things

vegetable

vegetable patch (n)

a small piece of land used to grow vegetables on

buffet

buffet car (n)

the carriage on a train where you can buy and eat food and drink

bulb

bulb (n)

the part of an electric light that is made of glass and can be taken out and changed

drizzle

drizzle (n)

light rain

gite

gîte (n)

a rented holiday house in France (French word)

head

head (v)

to go or travel in a particular direction

hitch

hitch (v)

also hitchhike - to travel by getting drivers to give you a free ride in their cars

in

in store (adv)

about to happen soon, with the implication that the experience won't be enjoyable

lane

lane (n)

a part of a road that is marked on by lines on both sides and wide enough for one car to drive in

paddy

paddy field (n)

a field where rice is grown

pick

pick up (v)

to learn informally, without studying, as with a language, which is learnt by spending time where the language is spoken

pull

pull (v)

to change direction or speed in a car; to pull into a place is to leave the road and stop at that place

puncture

puncture (n)

a small hole in a tyre through which it loses air

scorching

scorching (adj)

very hot

spare

spare tyre (n)

also spare wheel - the complete extra wheel that a car carries in case one of the four wheels needs to be replaced

unwind

unwind (v)

to relax after you have been tense or under stress

windscreen

windscreen (n)

the window at the front of a car that the driver looks through

wreck

wreck-diving (n)

an activity where you go underwater (=dive) in order to see the remains of ships (=wrecks) on the sea floor

blind

blind (n)

an adjustable shade that pulls down to cover the inside of a window

crease

crease (n, v)

a line made in paper or material from folding it hard

dressing

dressing gown (n)

an item of clothing that you put on over your pyjamas

eiderdown

eiderdown (n)

a thick bed cover, usually filled with feathers

hiccup

hiccup (n, v)

a repeating, uncontrollable movement of the chest causing a sound in your throat

hunter

hunter-gatherer (n)

a society that hunts and collects its food rather than cultivating it

jack

jack (n)

a device used to raise a car to enable the changing of a wheel

lack

lack (v)

to not have enough of something

omen

omen (n)

a sign or indication that something is going to happen in the future

retrieve

retrieve (v)

to get something back

selfish

selfish (adj)

thinking only of yourself and not of other people

sewing_machine

sewing machine (n)

a machine for stitching, for making clothes

shade

shade (n)

the tone or intensity of a colour

shiver

shiver (v, n)

an involuntary shaking action of your body when the weather is cold

suite

suite (n)

a set of matching things; for example, armchairs and a sofa, or the fittings in a bathroom

sweat

sweat (v, n)

to emit fluid from your skin when you are hot

quilt

quilt (n)

the top cover of a bed

underlie

underlie (v)

to cause or be the basis of a situation or feeling

yawn

yawn (v, n)

to open your mouth wide and breathe deeply, usually when you are tired

apish

apish (adj)

like an ape

bushy

bushy (adj)

very thick

compact

compact (adj)

tight, dense

concertina

concertina (adj)

a musical instrument

dome

dome (n)

a round roof (used here metaphorically to describe his head)

flanneled

flanneled (adj)

covered in flannel (=a kind of light cloth often used for making trousers)

fleshy

fleshy (adj)

thick and soft

forehead

forehead (n)

the part of your head above the eyes and below the hairline

frail

frail (adj)

weak

hooked

hooked (adj)

having the shape of a hook

inexorably

inexorably (adv)

seeming to go on and on

infantile

infantile (adj)

like a child, usually with a negative meaning

jaw

jaw (n)

the part of your face below your mouth

marble

marble (n)

hard rock used for sculpture

queerly

queerly (adv)

unusually

ripe

ripe (adj)

usually of fruit: fully developed and ready to eat

ruddy

ruddy (adj)

having a healthy reddish colour

scar

scar (n)

a mark left on the skin after a cut has healed

sculpturally

sculpturally (adv)

like a sculpture, or statue

spindly

spindly (adj)

thin and weak-looking

tortoise

tortoise-shell (n)

material made from the hard shell of the tortoise or turtle

tweed

tweed (n)

a thick woollen cloth, often used for making suits

vacant

vacant (adj)

not occupied

wig

wig (n)

artificial hair

wrinkles

wrinkles (n)

the lines on your face that are evidence of ageing

cabin

cabin crew (n)

the people who look after the passengers on an aeroplane flight

filling

filling (n)

food that is used to fill a baked potato, sandwich, pie, etc.

fizzy

fizzy (adj)

containing small bubbles of carbon dioxide

fries

fries (n)

short for French fries, the type of thin chips served with hamburgers

go

go for (v)

to choose

helping

helping (n)

a single amount of the food served during a meal

loads

loads of (quantifier)

lots of

loan

loan (n)

a quantity of money that you borrow

pad

pad (v)

to put a soft material (in this case, fat) on the inside or outside surface of something, often to protect or insulate it

pie

pie (n)

a pastry filled with meat, vegetables or fruit and cooked in the oven

pita

ptta (n)

also called pita bread, it is a flat, oval-shaped type of bread that is often cut open and filled with food

pop

pop out (v)

to go out for a short time

right

right away (adv)

immediately

sesame

sesame seed bun (n)

the small loaf of bread that a hamburger is typically served in, with sesame seeds on the outside of it

skewer

skewer (v)

to put food on a pointed metal rod (called a skewer) in order to cook it in an oven or over a fire

slim

slim down (v)

to reduce the fat contained in something or to lose weight

soak

soak up (v)

to absorb

stage

stage (v)

to organise and participate in an event

teatime

teatime (n)

the time when people have their evening meal

topping

topping (n)

food that is put or poured on top of other food to make it taste better

veg

veg (n)

abbreviation for vegetables

waistline

waistline (n)

the waist is the middle part of the body where your jeans finish; your waistline refers to how wide or narrow your waist is

willpower

willpower (n)

the capacity to make yourself do things that you do not find easy to do

binge

binge (n)

a period when you do something to excess, such as drinking or shopping; for example, "We went on a shopping binge" (informal word)

boast

boast (v)

to speak proudly about something you have done or that you have got

exaggerate

exaggerate (v)

to make something seem more important or bigger than it really is

flourish

flourish (v)

to grow or develop rapidly and successfully, to be in a successful or dominant state

gambling

gambling (n)

the activity of betting money, such as on horse racing or on slot machines

house

house train (v)

to train a pet to go to the toilet outside

hype

hype (n)

intensive publicity for something, such as a new product, film, book, etc.

kick

kick off (v)

to begin

kleptomania

kleptomania (n)

an uncontrollable desire to steal things

log

log on (v)

to access the Internet by using a modem to connect your computer to a telephone line

nag

nag (v)

to criticise someone repeatedly, in order to make them do something

off

offline (adv)

whenever you are not connected to the Internet (online)

on

online (adv)

whenever you are connected to the Internet

readily

readily (adv)

with no difficulty

shrink

shrink (v)

[past simple=shrank, past participle=shrunk] to get smaller, for example, through washing: "My pullover shrank when I washed it"

trigger

trigger (v)

to start, usually something bad, and often a chain of events, to cause something to happen

unhook

unhook (v)

to disconnect

upgrade

upgrade (v)

to impove the usefulness of something, typically a computer, by installing more memory in it, for example

acknowledge

acknowledge (v)

to accept the truth of something

attempt

attempt (n)

a try at doing something

cash

cash in on (v)

to make a lot of money quickly by taking advantage of a situation

catchy

catchy (adj)

pleasant and easy to remember

comeback

comeback (n)

a return to popularity after not being popular for a long time

committed

committed (adj)

at one's best; a committed performance is one to which the performers give their best work

cover

cover version (n)

a recording of a song that has already been recorded by somebody else (also cover)

counterpoint

counterpoint (n)

a tune that is different from another one but complements it when the two are played together

craft

craft (v)

to make with skill

crowd

crowd-diving (n)

the act of diving (=jumping head first) off the stage, where the musicians are, into the crowd (=the audience) at a concert

enhance

enhance (v)

to make something better

fad

fad (n)

something that is very popular for a short period of time

fund

fund-raising (adj)

designed to raise (=collect) funds (=money) for a good cause

hard

hard-hitting (adj)

very critical of something

haunting

haunting (adj)

with a delicate, almost unreal quality, one which fixes the thing described in your memory

hint

hint (n)

a small quantity, an indirect suggestion

Julie

Julie Cruise

a rock singer with a fragile, emotional voice

Kakadu

Kakadu (n)

a place in Australia

line

line-up (n)

the people who play in a group, and the instruments they play

long

long-awaited (adj)

that people have been waiting a long time for

nod

nod (v)

to move your head up and down to say yes or show agreement

must

must (n)

an essential thing

rate

rate (v)

to give something a critical evaluation

release

release (v, n)

v: to make something available for the public to buy; n: the released product (such as a CD or DVD, a new release)

remainder

remainder (n)

what remains (=is still there) after some have been taken away

showcase

showcase (v)

to show something at its best

soppy

soppy (adj)

excessively emotional or romantic

swap

swap (v)

to exchange

studded

studded (adj)

made more impressive because it includes a lot of something

supply

supply (n)

a quantity of something that is kept in one place to be used later

survey

survey (n)

an investigation of people's opinions, an examination of something showing how that thing changes from one time to another

uncommitted

uncommitted (adj)

not giving a personal opinion

underrate

underrate (v)

to not see the true value of something

weave

weave (v)

to create something by moving one thing around another thing

alibi

alibi (n)

proof that a person was not at the scene of a crime

backpacker

backpackers' hostel (n)

a cheap place to stay for people who usually travel with backpacks (=a bag with straps that goes over your shoulders, and is used for carrying clothes and camping equipment)

call

call off (v)

to cancel; for example, "We decided to call off the party because I was ill"

estranged

estranged (adj)

separated; for example, an estranged wife no longer lives with her husband

impending

impending (adj)

about to happen soon

insurance

insurance assessor (n)

a person whose job it is to calculate damage, etc., to see how much insurance money should be paid

jog

jog one's memory (idm)

to remind you of something you may have forgotten

keyword

keyword (n)

a word in a text that occurs with a higher frequency than normal, and is therefore an indication as to what the text is about

mount

mount (v)

to grow, increase

overdue

overdue (adj)

later than expected

secluded

secluded (adj)

quiet and private

shoreline

shoreline (n)

where the sea or a lake meets the land

sighting

sighting (n)

if there is a sighting of something or someone it means that something unusual or someone missing has been seen

totrace

trace (v)

to look for traces

trace

trace (n)

a mark or sign that shows that something has happened or someone has passed

well

well-being (n)

a person's health

withdraw

withdraw (v)

to take out or away; for example, you can withdraw money out of your bank account

accommodating

accommodating (adj)

prepared to change your ideas, plans or wishes to suit other people

argumentative

argumentative (adj)

argues a lot

auction

auction (n)

a public sale where goods are sold to the person who offers the highest price

bawl

bawl out (v)

to talk to somebody angrily, for doing something wrong

beep

beep (v)

to make a short, loud, high-pitched noise; for example, "I don't know how to stop my watch beeping"

bet

bet (v)

to risk or gamble money on a future or possible event

curb

curb your temper (idm)

to control your anger

end

end up (v)

to be in a place or situation at the end (of a story, of a fight, of a journey, etc.)

fly

fly off the handle (idm)

to get suddenly angry

hothead

hothead (n)

a person who argues a lot or who gets angry quickly (informal)

menacingly

menacingly (adv)

in a menacing (=threatening) way

muttering

mutter (v)

to talk quietly and indistinctly to yourself

outcome

outcome (n)

the final result, what happened at the end

pressured

pressure (v)

to try to make someone do something they don't want to do

provoked

provoke (v)

to try to make someone angry

shrug

shrug (v)

to raise and lower your shoulders to indicate you don't know or don't care

stalemate

stalemate (n)

a situation in which neither person in an argument or fight can win

storm

storm off (v)

to leave a place, such as a room, very angrily

unruffled

unruffled (adj)

undisturbed, calm

vehemently

vehemently (adv)

in a way that expresses your feelings very strongly

approach

approach (v)

to come nearer to

carry

carry out (v)

to bring to a conclusion

deadline

deadline (n)

a time limit before which something must be done

dismiss

dismiss (v)

to decide that something does not need to be taken seriously

doom

doom-laden (adj)

predicting a disaster or tragedy

earthquake

earthquake (n)

a violent shaking of the ground, normally caused by movements in the earth's crust or by volcanic activity

findings

findings (n)

the results of an investigation or some research

funding

funding (n)

financial help from the government

lead

lead to (v)

to bring something as a consequence

lightning

lightning (n)

a flash of light which is produced by electricity moving between clouds and the ground

likely

likely (adj)

probable

locked

locked in conflict (exp)

arguing about something in a way which suggests that both sides are totally convinced they are right

mph

mph (abbreviation)

miles per hour

naked

naked eye (n)

what the human eye can see without help from a telescope or microscope

odds

odds (n)

the probability of something happening, often expressed as a ratio, such as 1:300 or 300-1

rubbish

rubbish (v)

to say that something has no value

rule

rule out (v)

to decide that a situation is not possible

strike

strike (v, n)

v: to hit, n: a hit

wipe

wipe out (v)

to completely destroy